Gestión de peligro, vulnerabilidad y riesgos en la Sede Manuel Fajardo de la Universidad de Holguín

Abstract

Los conflictos entre los peligros naturales y las actividades de desarrollo resultan de una confrontación entre eventos naturales peligrosos y la actividad humana. Los llamados desastres naturales ocurren porque no hemos dado la suficiente atención a los fenómenos naturales peligrosos. Este término quizás no sea el más apropiado para comprender el fenómeno, sensibilizar a la comunidad e integrar a los actores que deberían involucrarse en una efectiva gestión del riesgo y una política preventiva. Un sector estratégico en Cuba es la educación, donde se insertan las universidades dirigidas a la formación de profesionales. Estos centros son muy vulnerables al impacto de los peligros de desastres por la magnitud de las edificaciones, la obsolescencia de la infraestructura, las cifras de personas que agrupa, el número de residuos que genera y la variedad y contenido de los materiales empleados. La presente investigación sigue como objetivo general desarrollar la gestión de peligro, vulnerabilidad y riesgos para ciclones tropicales y sismos en la sede Manuel Fajardo de la Universidad de Holguín. La aplicación del procedimiento en la institución permitió la identificación, evaluación y propuesta de medidas de control de los mismos, y por tanto la reducción de sus impactos negativos en los individuos, la organización y el medio ambiente. Para el desarrollo del estudio se utilizaron varios métodos teóricos y empíricos incluyendo técnicas y herramientas e la Ingeniería Industrial que enriquecieron y facilitaron los resultados obtenidos. Conflicts between natural hazards and development activities result from a confrontation between dangerous natural events and human activity. The so-called natural disasters occur because we have not given enough attention to the dangerous natural phenomena. This term may not be the most appropriate to understand the phenomenon, sensitize the community and integrate the actors that should be involved in an effective risk management and preventive policy. A strategic sector in Cuba is education, where universities are inserted aimed at training professionals. These centers are very vulnerable to the impact of the hazards of disasters due to the magnitude of the buildings, the obsolescence of the infrastructure, the numbers of people that it groups, the number of waste it generates and the variety and content of the materials used. The present investigation follows as a general objective to develop the management of danger, vulnerability and risks for tropical cyclones and earthquakes at the Manuel Fajardo headquarters of the University of Holguin. The application of the procedure in the institution allowed the identification, evaluation and proposal o f measures to control them, and therefore the reduction of their negative impacts on individuals, the organization and the environment. For the development of the study, several theoretical and empirical methods were used including techniques and tools of Industrial Engineering that enriched and facilitated the obtained results

At present, it is very important for the profitability of companies that their performance is governed by the efficiency, effectiveness and continuous improvement of their processes, due to the high competitiveness of the world market, where the availability of resources, each increasingly scarce in society, forces them to carry out an analysis and improvement of their business management. The trading companies are not exempt from the aforementioned situation, on the contrary, they are one of the most affected, since its goal is to market those resources produced by other entities, so that the management of the capacities is fundamental for them and in the case of this project will be carried out in ENCOMED distributor of medicines belonging to the province of Holguín. In the development of this one, were applied theoretical and empirical methods, supported by a set of techniques and tools such as analysis and synthesis: through literature review and specialized documentation, as well as the theoretical and practical experience of specialists consulted, etc. This research aims to: analyze the requirements and standards of logistics evaluation to select those to be evaluated in the logistics system of EMCOMED, as a contribution to its transit to Logistics Operator 4PL.